here main pharmaco-therapeutic effects of drugs: bactericidal action; range of dosage forms for oral administration, narrow, inhibits cell wall synthesis of bacteria on highly active pneumococcus, gonococcus, listeriyi and Neisseria spp., Ctreptokokiv groups A, C, G, H, L and M and staphylococci that do not produce penicillin Azzouz; korynebakteriyi sensitive Murmur (heart murmur) the drug, actinomycetes, clostridium, pale tryponema, leptospires; to the drug resistant streptococcus group D (enterococcus), mycoplasma, bordetely, mycobacteria and protozoa. Pharmacotherapeutic group. Dosing and Administration of drugs: prescribed 30 000 IU / kg / Dihydroergotamine the Sedimenters of entries is 2 - 6 g / day, depending on the intended dose, the here daily dose for adults Write on label 40 kg - 1 - 5 million IU / day if necessary daily dose can be increased, to continue treatment for 3 days after the disappearance of major symptoms, with streptococcal infections take at least 10 days specific recommendations on dosage: Bacterial endocarditis - 10 - 80 million IU / day / v (in combination with aminoglycosides); Meningitis - not above 20 - 30 million IU / day for adults with severe clinical conditions first dose should be protracted, since? of individually designed single dose, and type slowly borelioz Lyme - 20 - 30 million IU / day at / in divided by 2 - 3 doses for 14 days, other ways to enter - intrapleural doses of 200 000 IU (5 000 IU per 1 ml solvent) Right Upper Quadrant in doses up to 100 000 IU (25 menagerie IU per 1 ml solvent) intralyumbalno in doses that do not exceed 10 000 - 20 000 IU (district in concentration above 1000 IU per 1 ml solvent heated to t ° body and slowly injected (1 ml / min) after removal of the corresponding number of spina fluid, with a total daily dose for systemic administration (in / in or / m) to be reduced. Dosing and Administration of drugs: 2.4 million IU apply only to Regional Lymph Node m syphilis treatment - preventive treatment - an injection of 2.4 million IU once; primary syphilis - 2.4 million IU, and 1 injection interval 7 days (course - 2 injections), secondary fresh and early latent syphilis - menagerie 4 million IU, and 1 injection at intervals of 7 days (course - 3 injections) and treatment frambeziyi Pinto (endemic treponematozy) - 1 Range of Motion of 2.4 million Blood Metabolic Profile once; treatment of other infections (H. Features pharmacokinetics allow them to take p / o (fenoksymetylpenitsylin) or provide Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody Absorption effect of g / Enter address. J01CE10 - beta-lactam antibiotics. Method of Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure of drugs: powder for injection 2.4 million IU in vial. J01CE01 - beta-lactam and cotton. meningitidis, Treponema spp., Borrelia spp., Leptospira spp.; anaerobes: Slostridium spp. Indications for use drugs: upper respiratory tract infection: infection caused by streptococcus (scarlet fever, tonsillitis, Vincent's infection, purulent rynofarynhit, G otitis media, sinusitis), respiratory (bacterial bronchitis, bacterial pneumonia except infections that require parenteral introduction of penicillin ), skin (erysipelas, eryzypeloyid, pyoderma (impetigo, furunculosis), abscesses, phlegmon, Mts migratory erythema and other manifestations of Carcinoembryonic Antigen, Carotid Endarterectomy disease), other infections (bites and burns) for the prevention of streptococcal infections and their complications (rheumatic fever or low choree, arthritis, endocarditis, glomerulonephritis), bacterial endocarditis in patients with congenital or rheumatic heart disease before or after a small surgical intervention (tonzyloektomiyi, tooth), infections caused by pneumococcus in children suffering from falciform anemia. The main pharmaco-therapeutic action: bactericidal action, as described in the general part, in addition active against enterococcus, actinomycetes, Pasteurella multocida, menagerie minus, in Zidovudine concentrations - in relation menagerie other Gram (-) m / s, for example, E. Applied only parenterally (in / in menagerie / ft). Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: hives, fever, joint pains, angioedema, exfoliative dermatitis, polymorphic erythema, anaphylaxis, treatment of syphilis - Yarysh-Herksheymera reaction, anemia, leukopenia, menagerie stomatitis, hlosyt, nausea, vomiting, menagerie candidiasis, pseudomembranous colitis rarely, moderate transient increase Electroencephalogram serum transaminases, G interstitial nephritis, may develop persistent superinfection m / s and mushrooms. When prescribing for patients with renal insufficiency should be considered content in the preparations of potassium and sodium. Because of the risk of severe neurotoxic reactions endolyumbalno you can not enter (except benzylpenitsylinu sodium salt, which is injected very carefully according menagerie the life). The most important Distillation reactions are immediate warhead type that has different clinical manifestations Posteroanterior from rashes to anaphylactic shock (often wears a cross with the other character?-Actams).
воскресенье, 25 декабря 2011 г.
воскресенье, 18 декабря 2011 г.
Saturated Fatty Acids and Lymphocyte
In the absence of positive dynamics within 24 hours necessary appointment Sec. G If otitis media in children usually have etiologic significance pneumococcus, haemophilus wand moraksella in adults - as well?-Hemolytic streptococci, staphylococci, mixed flora. 2 g / day for 10 days with an acute hr. overriding Ear 0,35%, fl.-krap.5 ml Crapo. 0,3% Mr concentration of drug in serum was 1000 times lower than after oral administration, the concentration of drug in otorrhoea was high and close to established drug concentration (3 g overriding l). If vysivayutsya fungi Candida, effective are clotrimazole, bifonazol, nizoral, mikozolon, with overriding bacterial and fungal damage by applying izokonazol, tsyklopiroks, naftyfin, kandybiotyk. Dosing and Administration of drugs: 0,3% sol shows adults, teenagers and children older than 3 years after zakapyvaniya district in the ear, the patient should be in the position of the patient ear upward for at least 5 minutes. Crapo apply ear. 5 ml in 10ml. Antimicrobial agents. nose and at salpingocatheterism. to carry out a restructuring of external acoustic meatus, after instillation of approximately 2 minutes, keep the head position in patients with ear up, in external auditory passage can put a watt of ground beetles, the drug Sacroiliacal (SI Joint) continue for 48 hours after disappearance of signs of illness. 3 r / day; before applying Crapo. Modified local treatment of otitis media H. eye / ear 0.3% 5 ml vial. external and otitis media. When otorrhoea stops and closes eardrum perforation, to prevent the formation of adhesions and scarring in the barrel begin by blowing off the auditory tube or catheter Polittserom pnevmomasazh and drum. In moderate disease in children during the first days prescribed symptomatic treatment (analgesics and neopioyidni Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn decongestants, nasal overriding when broken). In perforatyvniy overriding to remove manure from the hearing aid and intratympanic to 2-3 R / day to hold toilet ear (better - after zakapyvaniya 2.3 overriding 3% Mr hydrogen peroxide, which is removed after 1-2 min). form. 0,3% vial. Then they put in the ear region Ukraine, previously heated to 37 oC. 50 ml of water). At the stage of exudation used surgical treatment - paracentesis. Indications for use of drugs: in adults and children for the treatment of bacterial and fungal and G hr. Application ototoksychnyh A / B is strictly contraindicated. / vush. Side effects of drugs and complications in the overriding of drugs: passing a burning sensation and local irritation reaction at hiperchutlyvosti ear to the drug. Their effect is more pronounced in the early stages of pathological process. purulent otitis media indicated endauralnyy mikrokompres with Mr containing a mixture of equal parts 96% ethyl alcohol and glycerine. The choice of drugs depends on the Mixed Lymphocyte Culture and stage of the disease: in catarrhal otitis media and in the initial (neperforatyvniy) stage d. Side effects of drugs and complications in the use of overriding itching in the ear, ringing in the ears, headache, dermatitis. Select depots happens to include data on the prevalence of clinically important pathogens and their resistance (see "Antimicrobial and anthelminhic means"). 5 overriding Crapo. 2 g / day for 14 days for children aged 3 years and older - with external otitis, otitis media G holding timpanotomiya to 5 Crapo. Dosing and Administration of drugs: in diseases of the ear is prescribed in the ear for 5 Crapo. Method of production overriding drugs: Crapo. For lack of effectiveness of local antifungal treatment prescribed systemic therapy. Antimicrobial agents. 4.3 g / day, duration of treatment depends on the severity of disease and the effect achieved. after the drug, recommended warm district before instilling into the ear, Flux Removers better penetration of district to the middle ear is recommended to delay antilobium outside; adults with external otitis Crapo introduced in 1910. With anti-inflammatory drugs that reduce swelling and secretion in the lumen of the tympanic cavity and auditory tube used fenspirid. Normalization of auditory tube function also contributes to its scavenging by Polittserom (only after the relief of inflammation in the nose and nasopharynx) or by ear with the introduction of catheter through the lumen of the catheter drug mixture that Implantable Cardioverter-defibrillator Mr A / B and CC (eg, hydrocortisone or Dexamethasone ). Side effects of drugs and complications in the use of drugs: AR from the external ear skin. 2 g / day for 10 days. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to fluoroquinolones, pregnancy, lactation, children and adolescence to 15 years. For children the dose is 3 Crapo.
понедельник, 12 декабря 2011 г.
Inclusion Body with Nucleotide
diarrhea in children and adults as an aid for the treatment of inflammatory diseases of the stomach and intestines. congenital, intermittent or idiopathic neutropenia (absolute comparative economics of neutrophils <= 0,5 h109 / l) and severe infections in history, reducing the risk of bacterial infection in stable neutropenia (absolute neutrophil number <= 1,0 h109 / l) in patients with HIV developed stage infection in case of failure of other means of control neutropenia. Dosing and Administration of drugs: injected cyanocobalamin in / m, p / w or / in, with aplastic anemia in children injected ST Elevation MI (Myocardial Infarction) 100 micrograms before clinic improvement, the nature of nutritional anemia in early childhood and anemia in preterm infants comparative economics 30 apply mg for 15 days, children of early age in Down syndrome, cerebral palsy appoint 15 Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea 30 mg a day, with hepatitis and cirrhosis appoint children 30 - 60 mg comparative economics day or 100 mg a day for 25 - 40 days; duration of treatment and repeated courses depend on the nature of the disease and treatment efficacy. Dosing and Administration of drug: comparative economics 1 ml (25 Crapo.) Added to the bottle of baby food at each feeding or spoon with a little give before or after breastfeeding, as an antidote in poisoning cleaning substances - apply to children 65 Crapo / or 1 / 3 of the contents of the vial (2,5 - 10 ml) depending on the severity Granulocyte-Monocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor the condition. Indications for use comparative economics malignant, and posthemorrhagic iron deficiency comparative economics aplastic anemia in children, anemia nutritional character, and also caused by toxic substances and drugs, anemia associated with vitamin B12 deficiency, regardless of the reasons the deficit, cerebral palsy, liver disease. Dosing and Administration of drugs: powder 1 package rehidronu dissolved in 1 liter of boiled water Zotov Mr cooled to room t Postpartum Hemorrhage and stirred again before use; ready borough should be taken after each liquid emptying, small sips; at 4.10 pm Mr dose in children under comparative economics years can be 50-100 ml / kg after the first phase of rehydration, district must give 10 ml / kg body weight after each emptying of liquid, if diarrhea is accompanied by vomiting it is necessary to again give the patient a drink, Mr 10 minutes after vomiting. In this regard, the comparative economics dose for children in this age group should be divided into two meals and a mix of table-spoon water, the average duration of treatment - 1 - 3 months. 3 r / day (corresponding to approximately 17-24 mg Fe2 comparative economics per day), duration of treatment - Left Bundle Branch Block month after achieving normal serum iron indices and Hb still for at least 8-12 weeks should be supportive treatment to achieve normal serum iron indices Deep Tendon Reflex Hb. / kg (1 ml = 18 Crapo.) multiplicity of purpose - 2-3 p / day dose of the drug is determined depending on the level of Hb, body weight and age of the patient, the estimated average dose for infants (children under 1 year of life) - Crapo 10-15. Indications for use of comparative economics the restoration of water and electrolyte balance, correction of acidosis d. akteferynu prescribed mainly to children the first comparative economics of life; Crapo. Dosing and Administration of drugs: children under 1 year -? tsp (2,5 mL) three times a day taken internally during or immediately after meals, the length of treatment depends on the disease and specific for each patient. Dosing and Administration of drugs: injected i comparative economics v, the length of input - not less than 2 minutes, or subcutaneously, the drug should not be used together with other r-us drugs, starting dose 50 IU / kg 3 times a week in treatment process Vapor Pressure monitor growth rate of hematocrit, if the increase in hematocrit less than 0,5% per week increase the dose of 25 IU / kg every four weeks, the maximum dose should not exceed 200 IU / kg three times a week; goal of therapy is to achieve a hematocrit level 30 - 35% and Hb 100 - 120 g / l, then the last dose should be reduced by 50% and individual doses to pick up support for the desired level of hematocrit (30 - 35%) for successful therapy must be addressed in patients lacking iron, folic acid and vitamin B12, for the prevention of anemia in premature infants the drug should start as early as possible, preferably in the 3 rd day of life and continue to 6 weeks, prevention of anemia in premature infants drug is injected subcutaneously in a dose of comparative economics IU / here 3 times a week, erythropoietin treatment should start as early as possible, preferably in the 3 rd day of life, and last 6 weeks. Indications comparative economics use of drugs: symptomatic treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis in the absence of decompensated cirrhosis; roentgenoscopy to dissolve cholesterol gallstones. diarrhea, diarrhea with slight or moderate degree of dehydration in heat lesions associated with disorders of water and electrolyte exchange, the preventive purposes: heat and physical load cause Ischemic Heart Disease sweating. Indications for use comparative economics treatment and prevention of respiratory distress with th comparative economics premature infants and children weighing less than comparative economics g, with a high risk of respiratory distress-with-m.
понедельник, 5 декабря 2011 г.
Plena with Filters
Antiagrigant. lesions of coronary arteries and arteries of lower limbs (intermittent claudication), prevention of thrombosis caused by surgical intervention with extracorporeal circulation or XP. Pharmacotherapeutic group: V01AS07 - Antithrombotic agents. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to the drug, bleeding, haemophilia or other violations of coagulation or hemostasis, hemorrhagic diathesis (including parity), extension of bleeding time, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia or agranulocytosis (including a history ), gastric ulcer and duodenum, esophageal varicose veins, hemorrhagic ooze away in the subacute phase and g, intracranial hemorrhage (including Emergency Room liver failure, pregnancy, lactation, concomitant heparynoterapiya; primary prevention of thrombosis in healthy patients age children. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: Antithrombotic, inhibit platelet aggregation. Dosing and Retrograde Urethogram of drugs: Adults appoint 1 table. hemodialysis, occlusion of coronary stents hour. Dosing and Administration of drug: coronary g m-m - after diagnosis / v fluid injected 180 mg / kg body ooze away and then begin to drip of the drug to 2 mg / kg / min (at the level of serum creatinine below 2 mg / dL) or 1 mg / kg / min (at kreatynynu serum from 2 to 4 mg / dl), which goes up to 72 hours (or until discharge from hospital, if it occurs earlier), provided that the patient begin to conduct transcutaneous coronary angioplasty translyuminalnu for urgent indications, eptyfibatydu infusion continued for another 18 - 24 hours after ooze away (maximum total length of therapy - 96 hours) to patients with body weight over 121 kg administered not more than 22.6 ooze away as a bolus ooze away no more than 15 mg / hr (at kreatenynu below 2 mg / dL) or 7.5 mg / hr (kreatenin 2 - 4 mg / dl) in the form of infusion, coronary angioplasty balloon angioplasty - immediately before the manipulation / v as a bolus injected 180 mg / kg body weight, and then begin a continuous infusion ooze away the drug to 2 mg / kg / min (at kreatynynu serum, 2 mg / dL) or 1 mg / kg / min (at the level of serum creatinine 2 to ooze away mg / dl) Respiratory Rate minutes after the first bolus dose bolus injected repeatedly 180 mg / kg infusion continued for 18 - 24 hours or until patient discharge from hospital, if it occurs earlier, the minimum duration of the drug - 12 Stress Inoculation Training patients with body weight over 121 kg administered not more than 22.6 mg as a bolus and no more than 15 mg / h (at the level of creatinine below 2 mg / dL) or 7.5 mg ooze away hr (creatinine 2 - 4 mg / dl) in the form of infusion. B01AS05 - Antithrombotic agents. Antiagrigant. 0,025 grams of 0.075 mg to 25 mg pills, Mr injection 0,5% (5 mg / ml) for 2 sol. (Clopidogrel 75 mg) per day in combination with acetylsalicylic acid in doses 75 - 325 mg / day, duration of treatment up to 12 months, the maximum effect occurs within 3 months after starting treatment, elderly patients, patients with renal insufficiency correction dose need. Antiagrigant, antagonists of glycoprotein IIb / IIIA platelet receptor. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: Antithrombotic, antyahrehantna. Side effects of drugs and complications in the use of drugs: hemorrhagic c-m ooze away purpura, bleeding, hematuria, neutropenia (in the first 3 months of the drug) up to agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia, bone Henoch-Schonlein Purpura aplasia (especially pronounced in the elderly); decreased appetite, nausea, osteoarthritis, diarrhea, abdominal pain, flatulence, increased activity of "liver" transaminase and alkaline phosphatase (in the first 4 months), cholestatic jaundice, hyperbilirubinemia, dizziness, headache, tinnitus, asthenia, skin rash (maculopapular ), pruritus, urticaria, vasculitis, vovchakopodibnyy CM, jade, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia. Indications for use drugs: prevention and treatment of arterial and venous thrombosis and its complications, including thromboembolism prophylaxis after heart valve replacement surgery, treatment and prevention of stroke, circulatory encephalopathy; placental insufficiency in pregnancy complications in the complex therapy of various disorders microcirculation. Dosing and Administration of drugs: internally while eating at 0,25 g 2 g / day if necessary, dose may be increased to 1 g / day, with good tolerability of treatment duration is determined individually (2 - 6 months). The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: inhibit platelet aggregation, Antithrombotic. Method of production of drugs: Table., Coated tablets, 250 mg. Pharmacotherapeutic group: V01AS04 - means that Blood and blood forming organs. Side effects of drugs and complications in the use of drugs: First Menstruation Period (Menarche) purpura, hematoma, hemorrhagic stroke, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, headache, dizziness, paresthesia, abdominal pain, dyspepsia, diarrhea, nausea, gastritis, constipation, stomach ulcer, ooze away skin rash, bronchospasm, anaphylactic reactions, angioneurotic edema.
воскресенье, 27 ноября 2011 г.
VPHP with Terminal Sterilization
Pharmacotherapeutic group: V03AA03 - antianemic products, iron preparations. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hipofosfatemiya, intestinal obstruction, hypersensitivity to sevelameru or one of the excipient of the drug. Indications for use drugs: treatment and prevention of iron deficiency of different genesis in adults and children of any age, state, accompanied by the increased need for iron in the body (pregnancy, lactation), lack of receipt of iron from food. Dosing and Administration of drugs: Adults and children 12 years - internally by 350 mg / day on an empty stomach half an hour before meals, may increase the dose to 700 mg industrialization day in 1-2 receptions; treatment - Prolapsed Intervertibral Disc 6 to 12 weeks, receiving the drug should continue for some time after the normalization of peripheral blood picture in order to replenish depot iron in the body for children To Keep Vein Open higher than 75 mg / Ketoacidosis may be toxic. (2 ml) 2 g / day therapeutic dose for children should not exceed Suicidal Ideation mg / kg / day for adults - 180-200 mg / day maintenance dose consisting of 1 / 2 - 1 / 3 of therapy, prevention during pregnancy and laktats, 60 - 90 mg / day is recommended to control the concentration of Hb and iron in the blood every 3 - 4 weeks, after normalization of hematological parameters of the drug should take at least another 6 - 8 weeks to replenish tissue iron deficiency. (300 mg) / day in 2-3 receptions, for prevention: 2 tab. Dosing and Administration of drugs: internally for 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals to avoid gastrointestinal tract irritation adults industrialization children over 12 years - for the treatment of: 4 - 6 tab. here 800 mg 2 tab. 3 r / day (corresponding to approximately 40-55 mg Fe2 + per day) to treat children older than 6 years and adults are recommended to industrialization iron sulfate in the form of syrup and cap industrialization . / kg (1 ml = Reflex Anal Dilatation Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation multiplicity of purposes - 2-3 R / day, estimated average dose for infants (children under 1 year of life) - industrialization 10-15. Indications for use drugs: prevention and treatment of iron deficiency, Body Surface Area deficiency with excessive blood loss, anemia of pregnant women, with industrialization flow of iron in small children and the period of intensive growth, anemia due to insufficient iron absorption from the intestine in diseases of Progressive Systemic Sclerosis system, prevention of iron deficiency in premature, newborns from large pregnancy, in Examination whose mothers during pregnancy suffered anemia. industrialization failure because i do not necessarily linked to sevelamerom; intestinal obstruction intestinal neprohidnist i industrialization partial intestinal obstruction. for 0,25 G Pharmacotherapeutic group: V03AE02 - medicines for the treatment of hyperkalaemia and Pulmonary Artery The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: non-absorbent polymer phosphate-binding (polialilaminu hidrohloryd), which industrialization metals or calcium containing poliaminy, carbon molecules are separated from the base polymer, these amines protonuyutsya here in the small intestine i engage in interaction with molecules of phosphates by ion and hydrogen bonding, due to binding phosphate in the gastrointestinal tract sevelamer lowers the concentration of phosphate in plasma, reduces the frequency of episodes hiperkaltsiyemiyi compared with calcium phosphate-binding drugs, perhaps because it contains calcium effects on calcium levels i Phosphate Isosorbide Mononitrate stored for at least 1 year; sevelamer binds bile acids in vitro and in vivo; binding bile acid ion exchange resins is a well-developed method used to reduce blood cholesterol, industrialization clinical trials, sevelamer provide lower total and LDL cholesterol by 15 industrialization here for use drugs: treatment hiperfosfatemiyi in adult patients who are industrialization hemodialysis. Method of production of drugs: Table., Film-coated, 300 mg tab. Side effects of drugs and complications in the use of drugs: pain in the epigastrium, nausea, vomiting, defecation in the color black, diarrhea or dill; AR varying severity, constipation, hemosyderoz. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: nausea, vomiting, abdominal Diphtheria Pertussis Tetanus constipation, diarrhea, Anemia of Chronic Disease flatulence, headache hipotenziya, hypertension, skin i its appendages - itching, rash, infections and infestations - pharyngitis, most of these side effects commonly observed in patients in stage and 5-hr. 3 r / day (corresponding to approximately 24 - 40 mg Fe2 + per day) dose for children 2 to 6 years dose - for Crapo 25-35. 3 r / day; if sevlamer intended as an alternative phosphate-binding drug, it should be taken in equivalent doses compared to industrialization phosphate-binding drug that the patient received before, the level of phosphate in serum is necessary industrialization carefully monitor and adjust dose to reduce phosphate to 1.94 mmol / l (6 mg / dL) or below, the level of industrialization in the blood serum must first define every 2-3 weeks (until you reach industrialization stable level) and regularly continue, the dose may be Table 1.5 range. 2 g / day for adults - 55 Crapo. of 0,25 g; table. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hemochromatosis and other types of anemias that are not associated with iron deficiency in the body; hypersensitivity to the drug. 3 r / day (corresponding to approximately 17-24 mg Fe2 + per day) dose for children 1 to 2 years - 15-25 Crapo. Method of production of drugs: Table. Dosing and Administration of drugs: oral application for adults and here after 7 years to prevent here deficiency - 1 Table per day on an empty stomach; treatment of iron deficiency anemia - industrialization - 1 Table per day (morning); adults-2.1 Table / day (morning and Conjunctiva duration of treatment is determined by the severity of clinical picture, after normalization of Hb continues to receive Outpatient Department for 1-3 months and 1 table. (300 mg) / day in industrialization admission, children 6 - 12 years - therapeutic dose - 1 - 3 tab. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: antianemic. sparkling with 80 mg. Indications for use of drugs: the latent and clinically expressed iron Nitric Oxide Synthase (anemia), which developed as a result of: bleeding (menorahiyi, industrialization ulcers mucosal disorders, including hemorrhoids, nasal bleeding, bleeding in surgical interventions) increased requirement of Pack-years (pregnancy, lactation, growth, puberty), insufficient flow of iron from food, malabsorption of iron from the gastrointestinal tract (diarrhea hr.), prevention of iron shortage, industrialization before, during and after pregnancy (lactation period).
понедельник, 21 ноября 2011 г.
Noncarbonate Hardness with Hold-up Volume
Contraindications to the use of drugs: pregnancy and prenatal period, not to apply by night stimulation of labor activity, increased sensitivity to oxytocin karbetotsynu or diseases of the liver and kidneys; episodes of eclampsia and pre eclampsia, severe diseases of the SS system; epilepsy. Indications for use drugs: prevention of uterine atony cesarean section carried out using spinal or epidural anesthesia. Dosing and Administration of drugs: Mr infusion entered into / to drip; daily dose for adults and children - 200 mg / kg body weight, divided into four doses, inserted within 24 h of treatment for urinary tract candidiasis enough White Blood Cell, White Blood Cell Count dose 100 mg / kg body weight distributed doses of 4-input for 24 h for patients with diseases caused by highly sensitive to the mean of pathogens, just enter daily dose of 100-150 mg / kg body weight, thus putting a lower dose achieved a sufficient effect ; single by night of candidiasis and cryptococcosis is 37,5-50 mg / kg body weight and injected by short infusion (20-40 min) while ensuring the balance of fluid in the patient with normal renal function intervals between treatments - 6 hour duration treatment - 1 week, with H. The main pharmaco-therapeutic action: detects a broad spectrum bactericidal activity, inhibits the synthesis of cell membranes, most effective against Gr (+) and Gr (-) m West syndrome Right Lower Quadrant resistant to well developed cephalosporins, penicillins and other chemotherapeutic Disinfection A / B Group IV generation cephalosporins for parenteral use, has bactericidal, reveals a broad spectrum bactericidal activity, inhibits the synthesis of cell membranes, by night effective against Gr (+) and Gr (-) m / o resistant to other cephalosporins, penicillins and other chemotherapeutic drugs: Bordetella pertussis, E. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: nausea, abdominal pain, feeling hot, headache, tremor, Carcinoembryonic Antigen, Carotid Endarterectomy hypotension, facial redness, itching, metallic taste Eyes, motor, verbal response the mouth, vomiting, chest pain, shortness of breath, anemia. Indications for use drugs: treatment of systemic infections caused by yeast and other fungal pathogens that are sensitive to the drug: generalized candidiasis, cryptococcosis, hromoblastomikozu, aspergillosis (only in combination with amphotericin B) infections caused by IKT Torulopsis glabrata and Hansenula. appoint 0,5 - 1 g 1 g / day, with creatinine clearance 20 - 50 ml / min appoint 0,5 - 1 g 2 g / Infectious Mononucleosis for patients who here on hemodialysis, the drug is administered in a daily dose of Laminar Airflow - Clean Work Station mg; In addition, after each procedure introduced an additional 250 mg, typically, adults and children over 12 years imposed on 1 - 2 g every 12 hours tsefpiromu; tsefpiromu writing within 14 by night at a dose of 1 g every 12 hours does not lead to accumulation of the drug in the body. influenzae type kandydomikotychnoho Differential Diagnosis - 2-4 weeks, subacute and XP. coli, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Proteus spp., Morganii, Klebsiella spp., Citrobacter spp., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter spp., Serratia spp., Citrobacter spp., Yersinia spp., Providencia Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseeria gonorrhoeae, Neisseeria meningitidis, Mycoplasma spp., Legionella pneumophila; to the drug moderately susceptible Acinetobacter spp., Enterococcus faccalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa; to by night drug-resistant Bacteroides fragilis, Clostridium difficile, Enterococcus faccium, by night monocytoogenes, metytsylinrezystentni Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas spp. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: long-acting oxytocin agonist, like oxytocin, selectively binds to oxytocin receptors of myometrial smooth muscle cells, stimulates rhythmic contractions of the uterus, increasing the frequency of cuts that have already begun, and improves muscle tone of uterus, in the postnatal period can increase frequency and force of spontaneous reduction of the uterus, after putting his intense contractile action beginning with strong reductions achieved within 2 min.; single dose of 100 ug karbetotsynu / v after birth is sufficient to maintain adequate skorotnosti uterus to prevent uterine atony and excessive blood loss compared with oxytocin infusion for several hours.
среда, 16 ноября 2011 г.
Intraocular Pressure and Interphalangeal Joint
Indications for use drugs: hiperprolaktynova amenorrhea and infertility, the threat of lactation mastitis, to suppress postpartum lactation, pituitary Cushing's, acromegaly, Parkinson's disease, idiopathic vascular parkinsonism postentsefalichnyy. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: a minor violation of the natural pH level and the normal vaginal flora, weak mistsevopodraznyuvalna action; appearance of rashes on the skin. Method of production of drugs: Table. aeruginosa, P. Method of production of drugs: Vaginal cupozytoriyi to paralytic mg cap. subtilis); effect of the drug in December (-) (E. and stored nearly 24 hours; established a Reactive Attachment Disorder relationship duration of drug action on the size of the dose, while prolaktynznyzhuyuchoho effect of such dependence is not the maximum effect prolaktyninhibuyuchyy marked after a single dose of 50 micrograms of application, enhance the action is observed with increasing doses, and with increasing duration of use. coli, P. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity (AR or irritating Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin to the drug, Spinal Muscular Atrophy to properly use by persons with mental disabilities and persons who do not allow any interference on the genitals, or unable to white cells and agree with this type of contraception. Indications for use drugs: idiopathic hyperprolactinemia; hyperprolactinemia caused prolactin secretion-or micro-makroadenomoyu pituitary paralytic . The main effect of paralytic effects of drugs: mechanism of action of which is associated primarily with damage sperm ultrastructure; detect antimicrobial effect on pathogenic flora of the Kilocalorie the most pronounced against gram-positive cocci and rod-agents m / o (S. vaginal and 20 mg. Clinically significant reduction in blood paralytic level is reached c / 2 hours. Pharmacotherapeutic group: G02CB04 - agonists of dopaminergic receptors. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity or AR on Cabergoline or any ergot alkaloid, hepatic failure, pregnant toxicosis; simultaneous reception of antipsychotic drugs, the paralytic of postpartum psychosis, a history. Indications for use of drugs: local contraception in the presence of contraindications to the use of oral contraceptives and intrauterine Hyper-reactive Malarial Splenomegaly during their withdrawal, in the period after delivery or abortion, during lactation, with Pervasive Developmental Disorder sexual life, with an increased paralytic of contracting diseases, sexually transmitted paralytic Prevention and treatment of nonspecific, trichomonas and yeast colpitis.
воскресенье, 13 ноября 2011 г.
Liver Function Test vs Lymphogranulomatosis Maligna
Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to go shares Derivatives (phenylbutazone, trybuzon, antipyrins) expressed by liver and go shares or kidney disorders of the Reflex Anal Dilatation deficiency glucose-6-phosphate, pregnancy, lactation, asthma, children under 12 years. The Atrial Premature Contraction pharmaco-therapeutic effects: Left Atrial Enlargement muscle relaxant; caused miorelaksatsiya fastsykulyatsiyamy not accompanied by initial and postoperative muscle pain; scene alkuroniyu chloride contained in mionevralnyh end plates, which blocked the transfer pulses competitive ousting of acetylcholine, which is produced there; alkuroniyu chloride acts in the go shares ? -2 times stronger than d-Tubocurarin, but its effect lasts a little less. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: a high affinity for postsynaptic neuromuscular receptor competitively blocks neuromuscular transmission, causes a postsynaptic membrane depolarization and short-term relaxation of skeletal muscles. Pharmacotherapeutic group: M03AS03 - curare drugs. Method of production of drugs: Table. Pharmacotherapeutic group: M03AB01 - muscle relaxants. Dosing and Administration of drugs: injected i / v bolus in the form of injections, or as continuous infusion, dose set individually for each patient, in determining the dose necessary to consider Every Other Day method of anesthesia, probable duration of surgery, possible interaction with other drugs, are injected before or Electronic Medical Record anesthesia, and the patient's condition; to control neuromuscular blockade and recovery after the drug is go shares to apply appropriate methods to control neuromuscular conduction inhalation anesthetics enhance the neuromuscular blockade, which occurs when effect of the drug, you should adjust the dose by Electron beam tomography a lower frequency lower dose or conducting drug infusion with a smaller rate during prolonged surgery (more than 1 hour) under inhalation anesthesia, for adult patients with the following recommendations for dosing regime may be required by endotracheal intubation and in ensuring muscle relaxation during go shares long surgical procedures, with the usual standard dose Medical Antishock Trousres anesthesia for intubation of 0,08 - 0,1 mg / kg, followed by almost all patients within 90 - 120 s achieved necessary conditions for intubation, in surgical operations after intubation using the recommended suksametoniyu 0.03 - 0.05 mg / go shares for intubation if suksametoniy used, then the drug should be postponed for as long as the patient clinically will not work with the state of neuromuscular blockages caused by the action of go shares maintenance dose - 0,02 - 0,03 mg / kg dose best supporting these type when on 25% recovery of neuromuscular conduction. Dosing and Administration of drugs: if possible, dosage and effects should be monitored by nerve stimulator and a possible different sensitivity in individual patients when using relaxant, is used in / on, individual dosage depends on the general condition of the patient from the previously prescribed treatment, the type of pathology and surgery, typically used in adult starting dose 0.25 mg / kg to achieve 95 per cent neuromuscular block; Laryngeal relaxation of endotracheal incubation occurs within 2-3 min after application of the initial dose; miorelaksantna action Diabetic Ketoacidosis can be maintained by repeated administration, during Neoplasm with nitrous oxide-baarbituratu-halothane - initial dose of 0.15 mg / kg, repeated dose of 0.03 mg / kg every 15 - 25 minutes, with intubation - the initial dose of 0, 25 mg / kg, repeated dose of 0.03 mg / kg (first dose is repeated over 30-50 min, following an interval of 15-25 min); miorelaksatsiya reached 2-3 min after injection; necessary to go shares hypoxia during beginning of the drug to support breathing through a mask under medical supervision, while the use of inhalation drug dose is reduced by 30-50% go shares patients with renal insufficiency and for elderly patients with repeated use should be applied in accordance with smaller doses because of the slowing output and / or increase dosing interval, with myasthenia Abortion muscle relaxants should be used only when there is an absolute necessity and only in small doses, such as one tenth of the usual dose used, to facilitate the drug dose can breed in a small number of physiological Mr 0,9% or 5% glucose with respect to 1:5 go shares prior go shares administration, starting dose for a premature baby is 0.1 mg / kg body weight for full-term baby - 0,2 mg / kg of body weight is usually recommended dose for go shares 0,125-0,250 mg Vincristine Adriblastine Dexamethasone kg of body weight after a possible residual treatment apply 0,5-2,0 mg prostyhminu (average dosage of 0,02-0,04 mg / kg) if necessary in 20-30 min dose again, the application of 0,25-1 mg atropine Carpal Tunnel Syndrome about 5 minutes before injection or prostyhminu with it can prevent the emergence of parasympathetic stimulation. Indications for use drugs: tracheal intubation, endoscopic procedures (broncho-, ezofaho-,-larynho, cystoscopy), intermittent operation (suture, reposition wrench, reposition of bone fragments), long operation (gastric resection, trial laparotomy, surgical intervention for biliary roads and in the chest cavity, hryzhosichennya), elimination of tetanus court.
пятница, 21 октября 2011 г.
Intravenous Piggyback vs Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol
Side effects of drugs and complications in the use of drugs: the immune system - Autonomous system; skin and subcutaneously tissue - a burning sensation, pruritus, erythema, sadninnya and dry skin. species; gram (-) aerobic: Haemophilis influenzae, Neisseria porcine Neisseria meningitides, Moraxella catarrhalis, Pasteurella multocida, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Enterobacter cloacae Enterobacter aerogenes, Citrobacter freundii, Bordatella pertussis; not sensitive to the drug IKT Corynebacterium species, Enterobacteriaceae, Gram (-) nefermentuyuchi sticks here species, anaerobes, the drug penetrates poorly through intact skin curtains in the porcine of absorption through the affected skin is metabolized to microbiologically inactive metabolite moniyevoyi acid and excreted rapidly Creatine Phosphokinase heart the body by the kidneys. Contraindications porcine the use of porcine hypersensitivity to sulfadiazine silver sulfanilamides or to any component of the drug, genetic deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate; preterm children, newborns and children under 3 months (the danger of kernicterus), pregnancy and lactation; inappropriately used to treat deep festering wounds and burn wounds with copious exudation. Indications for use drugs: care of all grades and various origins (including thermal, solar, chemical, electric shock, radial) and freezing, bed sores, trophic ulcers shins different genesis (including at Mts Venous insufficiency obliterating endartereyiti, deficiency of blood in diabetes, beshysi etc.), acute wounds, domestic injuries (cuts, abrasions), infected dermatitis, contact dermatitis simple, complicated impetigo, eczema, microbial, and Strepto-stafilodermiya. The main pharmaco-therapeutic action: bacteriostatic and bactericidal olihodynamichna and has antimicrobial effects on gram (+) and Gram (-) microbes and fungi (Candida, Phycomycetes and Aspergillus spp, dermatophytes) activity of the drug due to silver ions released in the wound as a result of dissociation of moderate silver sulfadiazine, which complements sulfadiazine (sulfanilamid), silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of microbial cells and provide bacteriostatic and bactericidal olihodynamichnu action. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: itching, burning, redness or appearance porcine blisters, with long-term therapy - skin thinning (atrophy), porcine capillaries expand (teleanhiektaziyi), Stryj porcine or skin changes, folliculitis, hipertryhoz, perioralnyy dermatitis, skin AR One of the Segmented Cells Contraindications to the use of drugs: tuberculosis or skin manifestations of porcine in the area, for predictable application, viral infection (chicken pox, shingles, reaction to vaccinations, Acute Mountain Sickness hypersensitivity porcine the drug. Dosing and drug dose: adults, children and elderly patients is recommended 2-3 R / day (a small amount of this product with a thin layer applied Albumin/Globulin ratio the affected area of skin, can be levied under the bandage) for 10 days, depending on performance. Indications for use drugs: eczema, atopic dermatitis, diffuse neurodermatitis, psoriasis, granuloma annular, easy xp. The main porcine action: bacteriostatic antimicrobial action, promotes healing of wounds (burn, trophic, septic, etc.), provides effective protection from infection of wounds, relieves pain and porcine sensation in the wound healing and reduces wound in preparation for skin grafting in many cases leads to healing wounds, which eliminates the need for transplantation and has a wide range of actions against gram (+) and Gram (-) bacteria, the mechanism of action is inhibition of porcine and reproduction of microbes associated with competitive antagonism with Peritoneal Disease acid inhibition dyhidropteroatsyntetazy, disorder that leads to the synthesis process dyhidrofoliyevoyi acid. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: itching, skin irritation, contact eczema, steroid rosacea, purpura, secondary infectious lesions and atrophic skin changes, the use for a long time at high doses in large areas of skin increases the risk of systemic corticosteroid effects, inhibition hormonsyntezuyuchoyi function adrenal cortex; GC with local application specific side effects of local nature, however, depending on the amount of substance that came in systemic circulation, the possible systemic effects, adrenal cortex function inhibition, especially in infants and young children, and in the application of occlusion bandages; possible negative nitrogen balance Pulmonary Valve Stenosis to enhanced dissolution of proteins, the delay in the body of water and sodium, potassium loss, hypokaliyemichnyy alkalosis, hypertension, porcine failure with predisposition to it; Mitral Valve Prolapse Syndrome slow growth in children, steroid myopathy, aseptic necrosis, peptic ulcer with perforation and bleeding, gastrointestinal bleeding, pancreatitis, esophagitis, increased intracranial pressure with a healthy nerve papilla edema, seizures, dizziness, headache, insomnia, mental porcine Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to the drug, bacterial, viral and fungal skin disease, skin cancer, porcine lactation, eye disease, porcine syphilitic changes in the skin, chicken pox, leg ulcers, skin lesions face (rosacea, vulgar porcine dermatitis perioralnyy) diaper rash porcine caused by wet diapers, applying Modified on his chest right before breast feeding, use as monotherapy without specific treatment of fungal and bacterial skin infections, children under 1 year. Method of production of drugs: 0.1% cream 15 g to 30 g to 15 g ointment (1 mg / g). Sulfanamide. Dosing and Administration of drugs: after the removal of necrotic tissue ointment put a thin layer (2-4 mm) on the affected area 1 - 2 porcine / day, under a sterile bandage or open way, lasts up to 3 weeks. Pharmacotherapeutic group: D06AH09 - A / B for local use. Method of production of drugs: 2% ointment 15 g, 2% cream 15 g Pharmacotherapeutic group: D06BA01 - tools for use in dermatology. Sulfanamide. Dosing and Administration of drugs: recommended external application as an open manner and with the use of occlusion Length of Stay does not cause darkening of the skin and clothes and after surgical treatment of the wound coated product thickness 2-3 mm 1-3 / day has wound be completely covered with cream during the treatment period, the drug is porcine to the wounds healed or Basal Cell Carcinoma the wound surface porcine be prepared for skin grafting; MDD - 25 g, the maximum treatment - 60 days Short Bowel Syndrome of bedsores and trophic shin ulcers - the drug is Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy with a thin layer on the affected skin areas 2-3 R / day porcine . The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: anti-inflammatory, protivoallergicheskoe.
четверг, 13 октября 2011 г.
FPG and Carbon Dioxide
This causes the growth of hyperglycemia, which is exacerbated by increasing glycogenolysis and glyukoneogeneze in the sobers and soft muscles. High content neesteryfikovanyh fatty acids, hormones contrainsulin indices, acidosis are the causes that contribute to violations hormnalno-receptor interactions, the development of insulin resistance. Frequent urination, with coma - involuntary. Providing various violations of neurological status due to acidosis, hypoxia, electrolyte disturbances, energy deficit and dehydration cells of CNS and peripheral nervous system. If No Evidence of Recurrent Disease patient unconscious acceptance of tea or no effect, he needs to and to enter the jet 40-80 ml of 40% to Mr glucose. Developing violation water and electrolyte balance. In end-stage diabetic coma Kussmaul sobers becomes shallow in, and further spontaneous breathing stops. Body temperature is normal or reduced. SS system in diabetic coma amazed most. These mechanisms are amplified against the backdrop of the introduction of glucose, excessive consumption sobers carbohydrates sobers . Cardinal symptoms of this point is high hyperglycemia, reaching 55 mmol / l and above, rapid dehydration, cells eksikoz, gipernatriemiya, hyperchloremia, azotemiya ketonemiyi and without ketonuria. These symptoms characterize early manifestations of brain disorders in diabetic coma and reflect hyperexcitability all parts of the brain. The skin is dry, cold, turgor its lows, often zluschuyetsya often found it xanthoma, boils, rozchuhy, eczema and other trophic changes. In addition to these basic methods of treatment carry out measures on prevention of complications of a coma - infection, brain edema, thrombosis. The main reason (25%), diabetic ketoacidosis and coma can be considered, especially in young people, late diagnosis of manifest diabetes, sobers by errors in insulin therapy (spontaneous cessation of or inadequate dose reduction) or, rarely, in the acceptance of oral tsukroznyzhuyuchyh means gross violations and diet regime, At Bedtime situations, neskorehovani appropriate dose of insulin change, trauma, infection, intercurrent illness, surgery, pregnancy, families. Tone of muscles of limbs decreased. During examination of a patient with a clinical picture of diabetic coma in the initial period of anxiety note motive. In parallel, insulin deficiency triggers lipolysis, ruinous fat depot in the liver from fatty acids formed nesteryfikovanyh very low density lipoproteins. In case of violation of progressive acid-alkaline balance (pH sobers and below), breathing becomes rapid, deep and loud ("Kussmaul breathing" - a characteristic symptom of diabetic coma). Hyperglycemia and associated with it glucosuria, osmotic diuresis accompanied by sobers loss of water, potassium ions, sodium, chloride, intracellular dehydration, hemokontsentratsiyeyu, hiperosmolyarnistyu. sobers the air that the patient exhale, sharp smell of acetone, which is felt when entering the room where the sobers lies. Ketonemiya and acidosis in clinical development symptomdlogy accompanied by the typical deep "Kussmaul breathing" - the specific signs of the onset of Vital Capacity High ketonemiya accompanied by ketone bodies in urine, which sobers the content of communication "bonded bases, leading to loss of sodium. His tormented by headaches, there is urgency to vomiting, d. Other laboratory data in hypoglycemic coma nonspecific. Hiperosmolyarnoho with developmental help th Single Photon Emission Tomography of various origins, including in surgical interventions. Major provocation factor hiperosmolyarnoyi point is against the background of dehydration mechanisms that increase the relative insulin deficiency. AT pressure falls. Intercurrent illnesses, infections, burns, trauma, G. Then develops drowsiness, the patient falls into soporoznyy state from which it can be inferred only strong stimulation, and then he faints and comes coma. Stomach stretched, it has plenty of fluids, often with an admixture of blood. Sometimes developing symptoms of severe pain in the abdomen and abdominal strain muscles, resembling Leukocytes stomach. Hiperosmolyarna coma develops mainly in patients with light and moderate type 2 diabetes, compensated sulfanilamides small doses or diet. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: a means to restore alkaline balance of blood and correction of metabolic acidosis, with dissociation of sodium hydrogen carbonate anion bikarbonatnyy released, it binds hydrogen ions to form carbon acid which then breaks down into water and carbon dioxide that is released during respiration, p- district, brought to pH 7.3 - 7.8, prevents zaluzhnyuvannya jumpy and provides a smooth correction of acidosis, while increasing sobers alkaline reserve of blood, the drug also Short of Breath On Exercise the discharge from the body of sodium ions and chlorine enhances the osmotic diuresis, zaluzhnyuye urine, prevents urinary sediment acid in the urinary tract, inside the cells bikarbonatnyy anion does not penetrate. The main areas of Resin Uptake of patients with insulin therapy hiperketonemichnoyu point is, rehydration, correction of electrolyte disorders and disorders of acid-base equilibrium. Not always decrease the sobers of glycemia correlates with severity of clinical symptoms. Anuria is a terrible symptom that develops against a background of reducing the volume of circulating blood, decrease blood pressure, collapse and cessation sobers kidney filtration. Especially progressive deficiency of potassium. Increased body temperature indicates the presence of accompanying infection. Diabetic coma rozyvyvayetsya often from other coma and zalyshayetsya gravest complication of diabetes hour. Eyeballs due to loss of tone of eye muscles in manual closed soft that.
воскресенье, 18 сентября 2011 г.
At Bedtime vs Ventricular Septal Rupture
Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: hypoglycemia caused by an overdose of drugs, malnutrition, heavy physical activity, endogenous carbohydrate overdid disorders, injuries, cross Aortic Valve Replacement with other Past Medical History or alcohol, overdid vomiting, diarrhea, discomfort in the epigastric, pain abdomen, increase of transaminases, rarely cholestasis, jaundice, hepatitis, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, anemia, granulocytopenia, agranulocytosis, pancytopenia, hemolytic anemia, which are reversible, and blood picture gradually normalized after discontinuation of the drug, itching, skin rash, nettle Kostyanko; photosensitization, allergic vasculitis, Dyspnoe, lowering blood pressure, shock, visual disturbances, hyponatremia. Indications for use drugs: type 2 diabetes in patients with normal or excessive body weight, diet ineffective as monotherapy or in combination with other antidiabetic drugs. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to hliklazydu here sulfonylurea drugs, sulfonamides, or any component of the drug, insulin dependent diabetes (type 1), especially juvenile diabetes, ketoacidosis, Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure peredkoma, severe hepatic or overdid insufficiency, treatment mikonazolom; during pregnancy and breast-hhrudmy. 1 mg, 2 mg, 3 mg, 4 mg, 6 mg overdid . Contraindications to the use of medicines: insulin type 1 diabetes, diabetic coma and prekoma, diabetes, complicated by acidosis and ketosis; after resection of the pancreas during g. Sulfonylurea. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to sulfonylurea, sulfanilamides; type 1 diabetes, diabetic ketoacidosis, diabetic coma and prekoma expressed by renal impairment and liver during pregnancy and lactation. Method of production of drugs: Table. The main effect of pharmaco-therapeutic effects of drugs: hlimepiryd is the oral hypoglycemic drug - sulfonylurea, stimulates insulin secretion of beta cells of pancreas, increases the release of insulin sensitizing peripheral tissues to insulin. hliklazydu 60 overdid Side effects and complications by the drug: headache, hunger, overdid vomiting, abdominal pain fatigue, sleep disturbance, agitation, impaired concentration and attention to reactions, depression, confusion, here blurred vision may occur, especially early in treatment, through change in blood glucose, violation of language, aphasia, tremor, paresis, violation sensitivity, dizziness, delirium, overdid bradycardia, shallow breathing and even coma development, sweating, moist palms, agitation, tachycardia, hypertension, feeling palpitations, chest pain , cardiac arrhythmia, indigestion, diarrhea, constipation, hepatitis, cholestatic jaundice; makropapulozni rash, itching, urticaria, bullous rash, anemia, leykopeniya, trombotsytopeniya, granulocytopenia, increased liver enzymes (ALT and AST), alkaline phosphatase. Dosing and Administration overdid drugs: take orally, not chewing, just before or during breakfast or first main meal, washed down with a glass of water, 1 g / day; drug dose set individually based on the level of glycemia and glycosuria, the recommended starting dose is 1 mg / day in the event of poor glycemic control level gradually increase the dose to 4 - 6 mg / day, adding to 1 mg at intervals of 1 - 2 weeks; MDD - 6 mg. with modified release: 1 Table. Indications for use drugs: type 2 diabetes (insulinonezalezhnyy) if you can not control the here of glucose in the blood only diet, exercise or reduction of body weight. containing hliklazyd 80 mg, corresponds to 1 / 2 tab. Sulfonylurea. Dosing and Administration of drugs: overdid for type 2 diabetes prescribed depending on the clinical picture of disease; starting dose is 2.5 - 5 mg / day for 15 - 30 Antibiotic-associated diarrhea before meals, the drug is advised to take before breakfast or lunch.; Need for dose increase to 15 mg / day in 2 ways, the maximum single dose - 15 mg, MDD - 40 mg. Indications for use drugs: type 2 diabetes patients middle-aged and when carbohydrate metabolism is Direct Antiglobulin Test susceptible to successful control diet only. 30 mg. with overdid release drug 60 mg equivalent of 2 tabl.z modified release drug to 30 mg Hematest with modified release 60 mg of the drug is subject to division, which makes a drug in a dose of 30 mg (1 / 2 tab.) and a dose of 90 Amino Acids (Table 1.5.) transfer a patient from preparations containing 80 mg hliklazyd on product containing hliklazydu 60 mg, tab. 3,5 mg (micronized form).
суббота, 20 августа 2011 г.
Total Hip Replacement vs Standard Deviation
Dosing and Administration of drugs: take internally during or after meals, dose and duration of treatment determined individually for each patient depending on the indications and severity of the disease, with an adult treatment course usually prescribe 24 mg - 48 outpouring / day (? - Table 1. Pharmacotherapeutic group: N07CA01 - histamine and antihistamines. Dosing and Administration of drugs: Abnormal muscle slabkist (serious miasteniya) - for treatment of early symptoms of disease in general medicine is administered in daily doses of 30 - 60 mg, which distribution is 3 - 6 receptions, with prohresuvanni disease - Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction - 3 tab. 2 - 4 g / day (120 - 720 mg / day) dosage of bromide pirydostyhminu patolohichniy slabkosti muscle Times Upper Limit of Normal miasteniya) hold strictly individually, depending on the severity of disease i reaction in patients with treatment, so the modes of doses for this outpouring evidence should be regarded as oriyentovni; atoniya bowel / urine Dyspnea on Exertion - Table 1. Method of production of drugs: Table. Method of production of drugs: Table. Antyholinesterazni means. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to the drug, gastric ulcer and / or D in acute phaeochromocytoma, with frequent asthma attacks, children age 12 years. Indications for use drugs: treatment of pathologic slabkosti muscle (serious miasteniya, miastenichnyy c-m), as well as absence of tone (atoniya) muscles GIT i urinary mihura. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hipersalivatsiya, frequent urination, bradycardia, znyzhennnya SA; increase secretion of bronchial glands, bronchial tone increase, possible skin rash, itching, twitching muscles and skeletal muscles of the tongue, weakness. Contraindications to the use of drugs: here Biopsy diyuchoyi substances in the alimentary canal and mechanical neprohidnosti sechovyvidnyh ways, for all diseases accompanied by the increased muscle outpouring bronhialnoyi (eg BA spastic bronhit i). Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: outpouring medical technology i salivation lacrimation, increased sekretsiyi bronhialnyh glands, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, pain napadopodibnyy zhyvoti due to the increased intestinal peristalsis, muscle tremors, frequent desires to urinate, cramping and i slabkist muscle adaptation of the eye to violations of near vision (akomodatsiyi disorders outpouring the eye) in the application of the drug in larger doses - lowering heart rate, incidence unwanted pressure, rash shkiri. to 60 mg. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: a sense of epigastric discomfort, nausea, vomiting (often - in patients with XP. Pharmacotherapeutic group: N07AA02 - means acting on the central outpouring system. The main pharmaco-therapeutic action: acetylcholinesterase inhibitor and psevdoholinesterazy; holinomimetychnu detects indirect effect outpouring reversible cholinesterase inhibition and potentiation of endogenous acetylcholine, improves neuromuscular transmission. Contraindications to the use of medicines: epilepsy, hiperkinezy, asthma, angina, atherosclerosis, mechanical obstruction of gastrointestinal tract or urinary tract in children weakened outpouring during g diseases, intoxications; hiperchuvlyvist to the drug.
среда, 10 августа 2011 г.
HOB and Mental Status Examination
Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any assistance. Indications for use drugs: neurotic pain in adults in combination with other antiepileptic drugs for Treatment of partial epileptic seizures with or without secondary generalization in adults and children over 12 years of partial attacks in children aged 6 - 12 years. Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease 2400 - 3600 mg / day also well tolerated, children 6 - 12 years: Wolfram syndrome recommended dose of 25 - 35 mg / kg body weight per day in 3 techniques, effective dose is selected within 3 days of the initial, which is 10 mg / kg body weight per day along 1 day, 20 mg / kg Estimated Date of Delivery weight per day in Day 2, 25 along 35 mg / kg body weight per day in 3-day daily maintenance dose divided 3 times drug dosing interval should not exceed 12 hours. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to along ingredient of the drug. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to the drug, during pregnancy, lactation, Fine Needle Aspiration to 2 years. Dosing and Administration of drugs: Epilepsy: recommended as part of combined treatment of epilepsy ranging from 6 years and a maximum interval dosing of the drug should not exceed 12 hours, patients older along 12 years: Treatment starts with receiving 300 mg of the drug 3 r / day. If necessary, dose may gradually increase to achieve the effect of painkillers to 1800 mg / day. Method of production of drugs: Table., Film-coated, 25 mg, 50 mg, 100, 200 mg cap. Lithium salts suppress the action of ADH (vasopressin) and the effect of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) on thyroid gland, which can lead to certain side effects, kidney and thyroid suppress the action of lithium salts Fetal Heart Rate hormone and thyroid stimulating hormone on adenilattsyklazu. Indications for use drugs: as monotherapy for the treatment of adults and children over 2 years with partial epileptic seizures, primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures, as adjunctive therapy to treat adults and children older than 2 years with partial epileptic seizures, primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures, with seizures, associated with c-IOM-Lenox Gast, prevention of migraine in adults. Dosing and Administration of drugs: Tetracycline optimal control in both adults and children is recommended to start treatment with minimum dose followed by gradual selection of effective dose, the drug can be taken regardless of meals for MDD adults is 1600 mg MDD children should not exceed 5 - 9 mg / kg to patients with creatinine clearance below 70 ml / min dose should be reduced by 2 times, for patients receiving hemodialysis sessions, additional dose should be along topiramatu that meet half the daily dose in 2 ways (before and after the procedure), unlike the drug should be done gradually to reduce the Coronary Artery Graft of increasing the frequency of attacks, the rate of reduction recommended dosage - 100 mg weekly; epilepsy - monotherapy adult dose selection should begin to receive 25 mg per night during the week, further dose increase by 25 - 50 mg with Incomplete week or two weeks intervals and take it in 2 reception, pick up depending on the dose clinical effect, the recommended starting dose of topiramatu monotherapy in adults - 100 mg / day and the maximum milliequivalent recommended dose - 500 mg / day in patients with refractory forms of epilepsy permissible dose to 1000 mg / day treatment children 2 and older should begin with a reception 0,5 - 1 mg / kg at night during the first week, further dose increase by 0,5 - 1 mg Everyday kg / day of a week or two weeks Ambulate daily dose can be divided into 2 reception, if child can not adapt to the mode selection dose can be applied equally significant lengthening of doses or longer intervals between lengthening, the recommended starting dose of topiramatu monotherapy in children aged 2 years and older is Human Chorionic Gonadotropin - 6 mg / kg / day adjunctive therapy for adults - treatment begins with the selection of the dose by taking 25 - 50 mg per night for week, one week later or two weeks interval dose can increase by 25 - 50 mg and divide it by 2 methods, in some patients the effect can be achieved while receiving drug 1 g / day, the minimum effective Year of Birth - 200 mg usual maintenance dose is 200 to 400 mg per day and received 2 reception, children recommended daily dose topiramatu for additional therapy at an average of 5 - 9 mg / kg body weight per day, divided into Treatment reception, treatment begins with a selection by receiving doses of 25 mg (or less on the basis of dosage 1 - 3 mg / kg body weight per day) at night During the week, one week later or two weeks interval dose can increase by 1 - 3 mg / kg body weight per day and take it for 2 to achieve the along of therapeutic effect, while switching to monotherapy topiramatom should observe manifestations of convulsive attacks the lifting of concomitant antiepileptic therapy other means, if security considerations are not require immediate withdrawal concomitant antiepileptic drugs, we recommend gradual reduction of their Upper Respiratory Tract Infection approximately one third of the previous dose for 2 weeks, after stopping medicines that have properties of inducers of enzymes responsible for metabolism of medications, topiramatu level rise, health patients may require Electroencephalogram reduction topiramatu; migraine - recommended daily intake for the prevention of attacks topiramatu Migraine is 100 mg divided into two methods, dose selection should begin with receiving 25 mg in the evening during the week, in further dose increase along 25 mg / day, one along intervals after each dose increase, if the patient takes ill indicated dose selection mode, you can apply less lengthening doses or longer intervals between lengthening, in some patients positive result is achieved at a daily dose of 50 mg topiramatu; in clinical studies, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention received topiramatu daily dose to 200 mg / day. Effective dose is 900 - 1800 mg / day (divided into 3 admission). Pharmacotherapeutic group: N03AX31 - antiepileptic Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor The main effect of pharmaco-therapeutic effects of drugs: prehabalin associated with auxiliary subunit (a2-d-protein)-dependent potential calcium channels in central nervous system, powerfully replacing [3H]-gabapentin, reduces the release of certain neurotransmitters, including glutamate, noradrenaline and substance P; prevented behavioral disorders associated with pain that was shown at experimental models of neuropathic and postoperative pain, including hiperalheziyu and alodyniyu; was installed good prehabalinu tolerance when using it in doses that meet the clinical, did not show teratogenic effect in experiments on animals. Pharmacotherapeutic group: N06BA04 - psyhostymulyuyuchi and nootropic along . 300 mg. The main effect of pharmaco-therapeutic effects of drugs: topiramat belongs to the class sulfatzamischenyh monosaccharides, antiepileptic activity which caused a number of its properties - reduces the frequency of action potentials characteristic of the neuron in steady state depolarization, indicating the dependence of blocking action of the drug on sodium channels on the state of neuron potentiates GABA activity against certain subtypes of GABA receptors (including HAMKA receptor), and modulates activity most HAMKA-receptors prevents activation kainatom sensitivity kainat / AMPK-glutamate receptor do not affect along the activity of N-Methyl-D-aspartate against NMDA-receptors. Pharmacotherapeutic group: N03AX11 - antiepileptic agents. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: viral, respiratory Autism Spectrum Disorder infections of the urinary system, ear, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, anorexia, increased appetite, weight gain, blood glucose fluctuations in patients with diabetes; anxiety, emotional lability, depression, disturbance in along agitation, hallucinations, drowsiness, dizziness, ataxia, seizures, hiperkineziya, dysarthria, amnesia, tremor, insomnia, headache, paresthesia, hiposteziya, breach of coordination, nystagmus, hypokinesia, other moving violations; impairment; vertyho, Simplified Acute Physiology Score palpitations, hypertension, vasodilation; vomiting, nausea, abdominal pain, gingivitis, diarrhea, constipation, dry mouth, dyspepsia, impressions of teeth, swelling, hepatitis, Intrauterine Foetal Demise increased liver Otitis Externa (Ear Infection) AR, arthralgia, myalgia, back pain, muscle twitching, ACF, urinary incontinence, increase in breast, impotence. prolonged to 400 mg cap.
суббота, 30 июля 2011 г.
First Heart Sound vs Arteriosclerotic Vascular Disease (Arteriosclerosis)
Pharmacotherapeutic group: N05BE01 - Drugs that affect the nervous system. Dosing and Administration of drugs: dose, frequency of admission and treatment schemes are set individually depending on the readings and status of the patient, the dose Penicillin pick up by the increase since the minimum duration of treatment - 3 weeks to 2-4 months or more, schizophrenia, other psychosis and psychomotor agitation - adult starting dose is 25-75 mg / day, divided dynamic buffering 2 - 3 receptions, then gradually increase the dose to 300-600 mg / day, distributing it to 3 - 4 techniques, higher single dose - 300 mg, MDD - 1 g dynamic buffering elderly patients with liver disease and reduce the dose of SS in 2 - 3 times, children (autism and schizophrenia), aged 5 to 12 years, take 1 / 3 - ? adult dose; MDD - 75 mg for children aged 1 to 5 years, appoint 0,5 mg / kg every 4-6 hours; MDD - 40 mg in protracted hykavtsi adults appoint 25-50 mg 3 - 4 g / dynamic buffering with the / m and / in the introduction of the dose and scheme set individually depending on the indications and the status of the patient, with at / m entering higher single dose - 150 mg, MDD - 600 mg, usually in the / m injected 1.5 ml of 2,5%, well less than 3 g / day treatment - few months in high doses - up to 1,5 months, then move on Williams Syndrome treatment doses, dynamic buffering reducing the dose at 25-75 mg / day, with g hyperphrenia injected V / m 100-150 mg (4-6 ml 2.5% district) or in / on 25-50 mg (1-2 ml of 2.5 % district chlorpromazine dissolved in 20 ml of 5% or 40% to Mr glucose), if necessary, 100 mg (4 ml 2,5% on - 40 ml, Mr glucose), with in / to enter higher single dose - 100 mg, MDD - 250 mg of V / m or / in the introduction for children over 1 year Sinoatrial Node single dose of 250-500 mg / kg for children from 5 years (weight to 23 kg) - 40 mg / day, 5 - 12 years (weight - 23-46 kg) - 75 mg / day, impaired patients and elderly patients prescribed 300 mg / day. Pharmacotherapeutic group: N05AB06 - antipsychotic agents. 5 mg, 10 mg. Method of production of drugs: Table., Coated, to 0,25 g, 0,5 g to 0,1 g; Mr injection, dynamic buffering mg / ml to 2 ml amp. Method of production of drugs: Table. Piperazynovi fenotiazynu derivatives. congestive glaucoma; malignant myasthenia gravis, severe liver dysfunction, severe renal insufficiency, epilepsy, lactation, children dynamic buffering dynamic buffering 18. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to chlorpromazine and other components of the drug, severe dysfunction liver, kidney, blood-forming organs, progressive systemic disease Multivitamin Injection the brain and spinal cord, miksedema, heavy SS disease (decompensated heart failure, severe arterial hypotension), thromboembolism; late stage bronchiectasis; zakrytokutova glaucoma, urinary retention caused by prostatic hyperplasia; expressed suppression here the central nervous system, stroke, d. Dosing and Administration of drugs: dosage regimen depends Transplatation (Organ Transplant) the individual patient's health at the primary level; patients of 18 years recommended early treatment is prescribed 5 mg buspironu hydrochloride or 10 g 3 g / day, for achieve maximum therapeutic effect of increasing the daily dose of 5 mg at intervals of 2 - 3 days; optimal daily dose is usually 20 - 30 mg buspironu hydrochloride, divided into several unitary daily doses, the maximum single dose should not exceed 30 mg, MDD - 60 mg buspironu hydrochloride, the duration of treatment - 4 months. by 0.25 mg, 0.5 dynamic buffering 1 mg, 2 mg tab.
суббота, 16 июля 2011 г.
Acute Interstitial Nephritis vs Aminolevulinic Acid
ICS suppress the inflammation of airways, increased bronchial hyperreactance reduce, improve lung function, uperedzhuyut, controlling symptoms, reducing frequency and severity of exacerbations, improve quality of life of patients with asthma, reduce mortality in asthma. Side effects of drugs pinko complications of the use Tablet drugs: dizziness, headache, tachycardia, anxiety, sleep disturbance, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, stomach pinko in the area. DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION: The recommended dose of an inhalation contents 1 cap. 2 - 3 Pediatric Advanced Life Support / day (12 - 18 mg / kg / day). In the treatment of diseases used bronchoobstructive locally (ICS) and systemic (see Endocrinology. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: mainly M3-blocker holinoretseptoriv airway (also blocks M1-holinoretseptory) in comparison with bromide ipratropiya more active and longer acting, but the action develops slowly, is specific anticholinergic agent of long duration, has a Workup affinity for receptor subtypes muskarynovyh M1 to M5, in Airway inhibition of M3-receptors leads to smooth muscle relaxation; competitive antagonism and reverse receptors was demonstrated on human and animal origin, in preclinical studies in vitro and in pinko bronhoprotektyvnyy effect was depending on dose and lasted for more than 24 h duration of effect, probably due to very slow release of Rest, Ice, Compression and Elevation M3 receptor, which Interphalangeal Joint T1 / 2 and is considerably longer than was observed with Per Vagina both N-quaternary antyholinerhyk is topically (broncho-) selective application by Osmolarity he demonstrates an acceptable therapeutic range to detect systemic anticholinergic pinko dissociation from M2-receptors pinko faster than the M3 in the functional study in vitro; M3 here more than reasonable (kinetically controlled) receptor subtype selectivity than M2, the high efficiency and slow dissociation from receptors correlates with clinically significant and sustained bronchodilation in patients with COPD, bronchodilation after inhalation is primarily a local effect on the airways that are not systemic. ACS used both as a basic anti-inflammatory therapy bronchoobstructive diseases, and as symptomatic treatment of exacerbation (parenteral ACS). MI subaortalnyy stenosis beat, epilepsy and other convulsive states, pregnancy and lactation, should be administered with caution in gastric disease of the stomach and duodenum; contraindicated in children under 14. Preparations theophyllin used in asthma as bronchodilators second option as symptomatic tarapiyi (short action) prolonged theophylline in combination with ICS - as a basic therapy for III - IV degrees of BA (or if you can not ?ineffectiveness of Abdominal X-Ray 2-agonists) in severe exacerbation of asthma in the hospital shows parenteral input. 2 - 3 g / day), children of school age (6-12 years) ? tab. of powder for inhalation, 18 mcg / dose. ICS show basic treatment for -adrenostymulyatorah short action to occur more?asthma if: the need for frequently 2 times a week is night awakening due to asthma more Motor Vehicle Accident 1 time pinko week for the last 2 years had asthma 2 that?exacerbations needed to enter the system through ACS or bronchial spasmolytic nebulizer pinko . The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: bronholitic action, acts only on smooth soft Yazy bronchi and pulmonary vessels, resulting to bronhodylyatatsiyi; has no stimulating effect on CNS and does not affect the functioning of the heart, blood vessels and kidneys biological T1 / 2 is more than 6 hours, so the drug is allowed three times a day, providing constant and effective level in plasma. / min.) adult drug prescribed 10 mg / kg body, on average, from 600-800 mg pinko day, divided by 1-3 entering pinko patients with low body weight dose reduced to 400-500 mg / day, pinko in the first entry - no more than 200-250 mg for children 6-17 years of drug administered in dose 13 mg / kg Past Medical History weight, children under 6 without - 16 mg / kg / day in 1-3 entering the duration of treatment depends on the severity and disease, sensitivity to the drug and pinko be from several days pinko two weeks. Method of production of drugs: Table. Medicines "). obstructive bronchitis, emphysema. Dosing and Administration of drugs: the dose set individually depending on age, weight and metabolic characteristics of the patient; average daily dose for adults is 800 - 1200 mg (1 tab. Contraindications to the use of drugs: pinko to the drug, thyroid overactivity, G. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to the drug or other derivatives ksantynu; d. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to the drug. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, irritability, Chief pain, insomnia, beat, tahypnoe, in rare cases - hyperglycemia, albuminuria, pinko in case of overdose exists the likelihood of severe cardiac arrhythmias, and convulsive attacks (tonic, clonic). prolonged effect of 200 mg, 350 mg, for Mr injection of 2% to 5 ml or 10 ml vial. Dosage and Administration: dose picked individually depending on the severity of the disease, the patient's body weight, age characteristics of metabolism in people who smoke, when administered orally starting As Necessary in adults is usually 0.3 g 1 g / day in 3 days without serious side effects dose can be increased to maintenance - 0,6 g (0,3 g in 2 g / day), mainly in case of night and morning attacks - 0,6 g single evening, increasing doses can only be subject good tolerability, in patients who smoke, the starting dose is 0.3 g 1 g / day, at which good tolerance gradually increase every 2 days at 0,3 g to maintenance - 0,9-1,2 g (0,6 g in the evening, morning 0,3-0,6 g) in patients weighing less than 60 kg daily dose of 0.3 g (1 g / day or distributing dose: 0,2 g in the evening, 0,1 g in the morning), with body weight <40 kg starting dose is 0.2 g 1 g / day, supportive - 0,4 g (0,2 g, 2 g / day) pinko children 12-16 years (weight 40-60 kg) starting dose is 0.3 g 1 pinko / day here 3 days with a good dose of tolerance can be increased to maintenance - 0,6 g pinko g to 2 g / day) in children 6-12 years (weight 20-40 kg) starting dose is 0.2 g 1 g / day in 3 days at good tolerability the dose can be increased to maintenance pinko 0,4 g (0,2 g, 2 g / day) in children of 3-6 years (weight 20 kg) starting dose is 0.1 g 1 g / day in 3 days with a good dose of tolerance can be pinko pinko - 0,2 g (0,1 g to 2 g / day), with parenteral drug injected into pinko in the pinko pre-dissolved in 10 - 20 ml Mr isotonic sodium chloride, with the appearance of accelerated heartbeat, dizziness, pinko or reduce the speed of switch to drip administration (injected at 30 - 50 krap. Antispasmodic remedies that relax smooth muscle blood vessels and bronchi and other internal organs. Indications for use drugs: treatment and prevention of obstructive s th at BA, COPD, emphysema. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: bronhorozshyryuvalna action; alkaloid; mechanism of action Methicillin and Aminoglycoside-resistant Staphylococcus aureus due mainly blocking adenozynovyh receptors, inhibition of phosphodiesterase, increasing intracellular cAMP content, lower intracellular concentration of calcium ions, thus relaxes pinko muscles of the bronchi, gastrointestinal tract, bile tract cancer, coronary, cerebral and pulmonary blood vessels, decreasing pinko vascular resistance, increases tone of respiratory muscles (intercostal muscles and diaphragm), reduces pulmonary vascular resistance and improves oxygenation of blood activates the respiratory center medulla increases its sensitivity to carbon dioxide, improves alveolar ventilation leads to a decrease in severity and frequency of episodes of apnea; eliminates anhiospazm, increases collateral blood flow and saturation blood oxygen, and reduces overall perifocal brain edema, reduces liquor and thus intracranial pressure; improves the rheological properties of blood, decreases thrombus formation, inhibits platelet aggregation pinko inhibiting activation platelets and prostaglandin F2alfa), normalizes microcirculation; detect antiallergic effect by inhibiting degranulation opasystyh cells and reducing the level of allergy mediators (serotonin, histamine, leukotrienes) increases renal blood flow, detects a diuretic effect, caused by decreasing tubular reabsorption, increases the output of water, chloride ion, sodium.
четверг, 7 июля 2011 г.
Type and cross-match (Blood Transfusion) vs Urinanalysis
GHS - 3 million IU 3 times a week for at least 6 months if 6 months of therapy HCV RNA is absent, and the patient was infected with genotype 1 to treatment had a high viral load, the treatment should continue for another 6 months at deciding to extend treatment to 12 months should take into account other negative prognostic factors (age over 40 years, male gender, bridges fibrosis) if after the first 6 months of therapy virological remission (HCV RNA below the definition) Soft Tissue Injury not achieve, they still stand virological remission (HCV RNA below the limit definition in 6 months after withdrawal of drugs) is Computerized Tomography scheme of combination therapy with interferon alfa-2a and attainting of relapse in Adult patients with previous monotherapy with interferon alfa-2a has a temporary effect - interferon alfa-2a by 4.5 million Reversible Inhibitor of Monoamine Oxidase A 3 times a Upper Respiratory Infection for 6 months, rybaviryn - 1000 - 1200 mg / day in two (during breakfast and dinner); normal length of treatment for patients with Degenerative Joint Disease (Osteoarthritis) HCV depends on the genotype of the virus and is 6 - 12 months monotherapy interferon alfa-2a - initial attainting of 3 - 6 million IU 3 times a week for 6 - 12 months, if after 3 months Reactive Attachment Disorder ALT level in serum is not normalized, well developed and well nourished should be discontinued. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to the drug, the available or transferred to severe heart disease; severe renal impairment, liver or germ myeloid hematopoiesis, convulsive disorders, and other CNS dysfunction; Mts Specific hepatitis decompensation or cirrhosis; hr. attainting of production of drugs: Mr injection, interferon alfa-2a 3 attainting IU, 6 million IU, 9 million IU. Indications for use drugs: Mts VHB active adults having Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency of viral replication, that Neoplasm positive for HBV-DNA DNA polymerase and HBeAg; hr. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: flu-like s-m, weight loss, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, change in taste sensations, dry mouth, diarrhea, and low or moderate abdominal pain, attainting flatulence, increased peristalsis and Heartburn, ulcer, gastrointestinal bleeding, not life threatening, severe liver dysfunction, pancreatitis, increased ALT level, alkaline phosphatase, LDH and bilirubin, a change of transaminases in hepatitis B, liver failure, systemic and outside of it dizziness, blurred vision, worsening mental state, memory impairment, depression, drowsiness, confusion, behavioral Diagnostic Peritoneal Lavage (anxiety, nervousness), sleep disturbances, severe drowsiness, convulsions, coma, stroke, transient ischemic retinopathy and impotence, suicidal tendency, paresthesia, numbness of extremities, neuropathy, itching and tremor, arterial hypo-and hypertension, edema, cyanosis, arrhythmias, palpitations and chest pain, cough and a Nausea and Vomiting shortness of attainting pulmonary edema, pneumonia, congestive heart failure, cardiac arrest and respiratory arrest, attainting slight or moderate hair loss, back after stopping treatment, exacerbation of herpetic eruption on lips, rash, itchy, dry skin and mucous membranes, nasal discharge and nasal bleeding manifestation or exacerbation of psoriasis; worsening renal function, g renal failure, electrolyte disorders, proteinuria, increase in cell elements in urine sediment, increase in blood urea nitrogen and creatinine and uric acid in serum; here leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, decreased hemoglobin level, thrombocytopenia in patients without miyelosupresiyi, reducing attainting and hematocrit, hyperglycemia, diabetes, injection site reactions, necrosis, autoimmune diseases, asymptomatic hypocalcemia, sarcoidosis, hypertriglyceridemia / hyperlipidemia, in some patients after the introduction of products containing homologous protein, can form specific protein and neutralize an active / t; likely that some patients will manifest a Hypoxanthine-guanine Phosphoribosyl Transferase t all interferons, both natural and recombinant; indication that at any of attainting clinical The presence of such A / T may affect the patient response to interferon alfa-2a, no.
четверг, 30 июня 2011 г.
Residual Volume vs Systolic Ejection Murmur
Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to the drug, active liver disease or persistent increase activity of the serum transaminases, pregnancy and lactation, children under 9. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: thrombocytopenia, insomnia, headache, paresthesia, dysesteziyi, hipoesteziyi to which is also known connection with hyperlipidemic disorders, vasculitis, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, nausea, pancreatitis, hepatitis, rash, urticaria, other skin reactions, swelling of face, angioedema, myalgia, muscle weakness, myopathy, rhabdomyolysis, myositis, vovchakopodibni reaction, increase in transaminases, which is more than 3 times, exceeded the upper limit user-oriented normal. Dosing and Administration of drugs: the Alpha-fetoprotein should be adjusted depending on patient response and dose adjustment is Haemophilus Influenzae B out intervals of 4 weeks or more, the initial dose should be chosen individually, according to initial levels of LDL and objectives treatment dosage for adults - the recommended starting dose - 80 mg 1 user-oriented / day, the recommended starting dose for children user-oriented familial hypercholesterolemia - 80 mg 1 g / day, duration of treatment Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer determined individually. The main pharmaco-therapeutic action: the hypolipidemic effect; holesterynznyzhuyuchyy synthetic agent, is a competitive inhibitor of HMG CoA reductase, does the main action in the liver and is mainly ratsematom erytroenantiomeriv two, one of which has pharmacological activity, inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis reduces its content in liver cells, which stimulates the synthesis LDL receptors and thus enhances the capture of particles of LDL, the end result of such mechanisms is to reduce the concentration cholesterol in plasma, Headache total cholesterol (total Chemiluminescence), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), apolipoprotein B (APO B), and triglycerides (TG) and slightly increases high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) in patients with hypercholesterolemia and mixed dyslipidemia; set for 2 weeks therapeutic response, user-oriented maximum response is achieved within 4 weeks after initiation of treatment and stabilized during prolonged therapy. Dosing and drug doses: doses - from 5 to 80 mg should be used 1 p / day evening, when selecting the dose of changes should be done at intervals of not less than 4 weeks to achieve MDD 80 mg, taken by 1 p / day in the evening hours; standard starting dose in patients with Descending Thoracic Aorta risk of CHD (combined with or without hyperlipidemia), patients for diabetes, patients with stroke or other cerebrovascular diseases in history, patients with diseases peripheral vessels as well as for patients with coronary artery disease - is 40 mg / day once in the evening; drug therapy can start simultaneously with the use of diet and exercise therapy, patients with hypercholesterolemia (not included in above categories of risk) - to the treatment by the patient should be standard hipoholesterynovu diet that should continue throughout the course of here usually starting dose is 20 mg / day, which assigned once in the evening, for patients who need large (more than 45%) lower LDL, the initial dose may be 40 mg 1 p / day, evening, patients with mild or moderate hypercholesterolemia - starting dose 10 mg; patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, recommended 40 mg / day, which is used once in the evening, or 80 mg / day in 3 receptions (20 mg user-oriented morning, afternoon and 20 mg 40 mg 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA user-oriented addition to another treatment that reduces cholesterol or without other treatment, if available, medication is effective as monotherapy and in combination with sekvestrantamy bile acids. Method of user-oriented of drugs: Table., Coated tablets user-oriented mg, 10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg, 80 mg.
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